Unity組件：對(duì)比度拉伸圖像特效

Contrast Stretch dynamically adjusts the contrast of the image according to the range of brightness levels it contains. The adjustment takes place gradually over a period of time, so the player can be briefly dazzled by bright outdoor light when emerging from a dark tunnel, say. Equally, when moving from a bright scene to a dark one, the "eye" takes some time to adapt.

對(duì)比度拉伸特效根據(jù)亮度級(jí)別的范圍來(lái)動(dòng)態(tài)地調(diào)整圖像的對(duì)比度。調(diào)整是逐漸變化的，并且會(huì)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，就好像是當(dāng)玩家黑暗的隧道出來(lái)時(shí)，會(huì)對(duì)明亮的室外光線產(chǎn)生目眩的感覺(jué)。同樣，當(dāng)從明亮的畫(huà)面進(jìn)入到黑暗的一面，"眼睛"也要花一些時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)。

As with the other image effects, this effect is only available in Unity Pro and you must have the Pro Standard Assets installed before it becomes available.

和其他圖像特效一樣，該特效只能在Unity Pro上進(jìn)行使用，并且在使用之前必須安裝Pro Standard Assets。

Understanding Contrast Stretch 對(duì)比度拉伸特效的理解

The clarity of detail in an image is largely determined by the range of different brightness values it contains. It is difficult for the eye to distinguish between two brightness levels that differ by less than about 2% and above that, the greater the difference, the stronger the detail. The overall separation between the lightest and darkest values in an image is referred to as the contrast of that image.

圖像中的細(xì)節(jié)的清晰度很大程度上取決于它所包含的不同亮度值的范圍。我們很難區(qū)分差異小于2%的兩個(gè)亮度級(jí)別，亮度差異越大，所表現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)也就越明顯。在圖像中最亮和最暗的值之間的整體分離程度被稱為該圖像的對(duì)比度。

It is common for an image to use less than the full range of available brightness values. One way to increase the contrast is to redistribute the pixels' values so as to make better use of the range. The darkest level in the original image is remapped to a even darker level, the brightest to a brighter level and all the levels in between are moved farther apart in proportion. The distribution of levels is then "stretched" out farther across the available range and thus this effect is known as contrast stretch.

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一張普通的圖像的亮度范圍僅為可用亮度范圍的一部分，所以增加對(duì)比度的一種方法是對(duì)像素的亮度值進(jìn)行重新分配，以更好地利用可用的亮度范圍。原始圖像中的最暗的級(jí)別會(huì)重新映射到一個(gè)更黑暗的水平，而最亮的級(jí)別則被映射到更亮的級(jí)別上，兩者之間各級(jí)的間距也成正比地拉伸。這樣，亮度級(jí)別的分布就相當(dāng)于在可用范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行了拉伸，我們將此效果稱為對(duì)比度拉伸。

Contrast stretching is evocative of the way the eye adapts to different light conditions. When walking from an outdoor area to a dimly lit building, the view will briefly appear indistinct until the contrast is stretched to reveal the detail. When emerging from the building, the contrast stretch will have the effect of making the outdoor scene appear dazzling bright until the "eye" of the player adjusts.

對(duì)比度拉伸特效可以體現(xiàn)眼睛在適應(yīng)不同光照條件下的調(diào)節(jié)情況。當(dāng)從室外走進(jìn)昏暗的建筑后，視圖將明顯地變得模糊，直到對(duì)比度被拉伸后才能看清細(xì)節(jié)信息。同樣當(dāng)從大樓出來(lái)時(shí)，對(duì)比度拉伸會(huì)讓戶外場(chǎng)景更加明亮，造成目眩的效果，這種效果一直持續(xù)到玩家的"眼睛"適應(yīng)了為止。

No Contrast Stretch applied. 沒(méi)有應(yīng)用對(duì)比度拉伸特效。

Contrast stretch applied with a dark skybox. Note that buildings get brighter.
在一個(gè)較暗的天空盒中使用對(duì)比度拉伸特效。注意建筑物變得更加明亮。

Contrast stretch applied with a very bright skybox. Note that buildings get darker.
在一個(gè)非常明亮的天空盒中使用對(duì)比度拉伸特效。注意建筑物變得更加灰暗。

Properties 屬性

• Adaptation Speed 適應(yīng)速度
  The speed of the transition. The lower this number, the slower the transition
  變換速度，該值越低，變換的越慢
• Limit Minimum 受限最小值
  The darkest level in the image after adjustment.
  調(diào)整過(guò)后圖像的最暗亮度級(jí)別
• Limit Maximum 受限最大值
  The brightest level in the image after adjustment.
  調(diào)整過(guò)后圖像的最亮亮度級(jí)別

Tips: 提示

• Since Constrast Stretch is applied over a period of time, the full effect is only visible in Play mode.
  因?yàn)閷?duì)比度拉伸特效需要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，所以該效果只能在運(yùn)行模式下可見(jiàn)。

Hardware support 硬件支持

This effect requires a graphics card with pixel shaders (2.0) or OpenGL ES 2.0. PC: NVIDIA cards since 2003 (GeForce FX), AMD cards since 2004 (Radeon 9500), Intel cards since 2005 (GMA 900); Mobile: OpenGL ES 2.0; Consoles: Xbox 360, PS3.

這個(gè)特效需要顯卡擁有像素著色器（2.0）或者OpenGL ES 2.0。臺(tái)式機(jī)：2003年以后的NVIDIA顯卡（GeForce FX），2004年以后的AMD顯卡（Radeon 9500），2005年以后的Intel卡（GMA 900）；移動(dòng)設(shè)備：OpenGL ES 2.0；控制臺(tái)： Xbox 360、 PS3。

All image effects automatically disable themselves when they can not run on end-users graphics card.

所有圖像特效如果無(wú)法在用戶顯卡上運(yùn)行時(shí)將會(huì)自動(dòng)被關(guān)閉。